Description

What is Peptic Ulcer Disease? Peptic ulcer disease occurs when painful sores (ulcers) develop on the inner lining of the stomach (gastric ulcer) or the upper small intestine (duodenal ulcer). These ulcers happen when the protective lining of the digestive tract is weakened by acid and digestive juices. Causes of Peptic Ulcers • Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection – the most common cause • Long-term use of painkillers (NSAIDs) – such as ibuprofen, aspirin • Excess stomach acid production – stress, genetics, or certain conditions • Smoking and alcohol consumption – worsen ulcer formation and healing Common Symptoms • Burning pain in the upper abdomen (often worse on an empty stomach) • Indigestion, bloating, or belching • Nausea or vomiting • Weight loss or loss of appetite • In severe cases: blood in vomit (coffee-ground appearance) or black, tarry stools Complications (if untreated) • Bleeding ulcer • Perforation (hole in the stomach or intestine wall) • Gastric outlet obstruction (narrowing due to swelling/scarring) Diagnosis at Gastro Care Chennai • Upper GI Endoscopy – gold standard test to directly visualize ulcers • H. pylori testing – biopsy, urea breath test, or stool antigen test • Blood tests & imaging – if complications are suspected Treatment Options • Medications o Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce acid o Antibiotics for H. pylori infection o Antacids and protective agents for symptom relief • Lifestyle Changes o Avoid spicy, oily, or acidic foods o Stop smoking and reduce alcohol o Eat smaller, frequent meals • Endoscopic or surgical treatment – required in cases of bleeding, perforation, or non-healing ulcers

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